Bitcoin (BTC) Energy Use Estimates Diverge by Measurement Method

Bitcoin (BTC) electricity estimates differ by tens of terawatt-hours because one relies on a mining-company survey and another annualizes an economic model, making the figures unsuitable as a direct comparison. A survey-based estimate put annual electricity use at 138 terawatt-hours as of June 2024. A live economic estimate displayed 204.44 TWh on an annualized basis on Oct. 15, 2026. The first reflects survey data collected through June 2024; the second is a model estimate of an annual run rate. Neither number is a direct meter reading of electricity consumed across the network. Bitcoin miners use specialized computers to compete in proof-of-work. They repeatedly hash candidate block headers until one meets the network’s target, helping secure the transaction history.

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