Solana study finds wider spreads outside aggregators at five of six sampled pools

A September study found wider realized round-trip spreads for Solana trades routed outside aggregators at five of six major proprietary liquidity venues, suggesting that access to the same pool did not mean access to comparable trading terms. The result puts the route into the center of the price comparison . A pool can settle trades on a public blockchain while a single operator controls its quotes. Comparing pool addresses alone therefore leaves out an important part of the transaction: how the order arrived. The preprint by Ozan Solmaz, Lioba Heimbach and Jason Milionis , posted Sept. 29, examined proprietary automated market makers, or propAMMs, on Solana, Base and Monad. Its observations run from Sept. 1, 2025, through Aug. 31, 2026, with later starts for newer deployments.

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